wields in what John sees as a just response. The conflict in heaven, having spilled onto the earth, catches up everyone and everything in creation. John justifies God’s violence by staging it as a just response to the cries of God’s people (6:9–11). When the Hebrew people cried out to God for just and liberating intervention, God sent Moses. Moses secured their freedom by wielding for God the very same violent, cataclysmic plagues that God reprises in John’s visions. God’s regional move against a
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